Unix
Basic Commands
List files in a directory
ls
List all files, including hidden ones
ls -a
Change directory
cd <directory_path>
Print the current working directory
pwd
Create a new directory
mkdir <directory_name>
Remove a directory
rmdir <directory_name>
Remove a file
rm <file_name>
Copy files or directories
cp <source> <destination>
Move or rename files or directories
mv <source> <destination>
File & Directory Permissions
View file permissions
ls -l
Change file permissions
chmod <permissions> <file_name>
Change file owner
chown <owner> <file_name>
File Viewing & Editing
View the contents of a file
cat <file_name>
View file with paging
less <file_name>
Display the first 10 lines of a file
head <file_name>
Display the last 10 lines of a file
tail <file_name>
Edit a file with nano editor
nano <file_name>
Process Management
Display currently running processes
ps
Kill a process by PID
kill <pid>
Force kill a process
kill -9 <pid>
Check system resource usage
top
Networking
Check network configuration
ifconfig
Ping a server to check connectivity
ping <hostname_or_ip>
Check open ports
netstat -tuln
Miscellaneous
Check system uptime
uptime
View disk usage
df -h
Search for files
find <directory> -name <file_name>
Search for text in a file
grep "<text>" <file_name>
Last modified: 08 September 2024